Placing Melissa in History

Aerial view of a powerful hurricane swirling over the ocean, showcasing a well-defined eye and turbulent cloud formations.

From Science Matters

By Ron Clutz

Satellite image of a hurricane approaching Jamaica, showing intense storm activity with vibrant colors indicating wind speed and precipitation.

Climatic media has fallen in love with Melissa, many of them blaming “climate change”, i.e. CO2 for her strength and destructive power.  No surprise that Imperial College London (who foisted its covid pandemic models upon us) reports that its IRIS model confirms a “rapid attribution” claim.  No doubt there will be more such yada yada at Belem COP to stir up the faithful.

For the rest of us, let’s remember the saying attributed to George Santayana: “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.”  For example, Melissa belongs to a class of strong Atlantic hurricanes going back almost a century.  Here’s a table of them along with peak sustained winds and the CO2 levels at the time.

Peak WindCO2 Level
HurricaneYearmphppm
“Cuba”1932175308
“Labor Day”1935185310
Janet1955175314
Camille1969175325
Anita1977175334
David1979175337
Allen1980190339
Gilbert1988185352
Andrew1992175356
Mitch1998180367
Wilma2005185380
Rita2005180380
Katrina2005175380
Dean2007175384
Felix2007175384
Irma2017180407
Maria2017175407
Dorian2019185411
Milton2024180425
Melissa2025185428

Note that all twenty hurricanes had winds ranging between 175 to 190 mph, going back to 1932.  Meanwhile CO2 has increased from 308 ppm to 428 (2025 ytd).  Note also the absence of such storms in the decade 2007 to 2017 despite CO2 adding 23 ppm in that period. The correlation between high wind speeds and CO2 concentrations is an insignificant 0.18.

Then there is the Global Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) report that includes the effects of both minor and major storms, combining strength and frequency.

Graph showing Global Tropical Cyclone Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) over time, with data points for Global and Northern Hemisphere, along with Mauna Loa CO2 levels in ppm, updated July 31, 2025.

I added an overlay of CO2 to illustrate how unlikely is a link between CO2 and storms.  Finally, from Roger Pielke Jr. a chart showing ACE strength per hurricane:

Bar chart showing North Atlantic Accumulated Cyclonic Energy (ACE) per hurricane from 1900 to 2024.

The charts show that 16 is the average ACE per hurricane, in North Atlantic since 1900 and Globally since 1980.  The trend is not upward, and in North Atlantic appears currently lower than the past.

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